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Therapeutic action
- Penicillin antibacterial
Indications
- Severe infections due to streptococci and/or staphylococci: meningitis, pneumonia, omphalitis, septicaemia of cutaneous origin, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, necrotizing skin and soft tissues infections, etc.
- Erysipelas, cellulitis
Forms and strengths, route of administration
- Powder for injection, in 500 mg vial, to be dissolved in 4 ml of water for injection, for IV infusion in 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose, to be administered in 60 minutes
Dosage
Severe infections
- Neonate:
- 0 to 7 days (< 2 kg): 50 mg/kg every 12 hours
- 0 to 7 days (≥ 2 kg): 50 mg/kg every 8 hours
- 8 days to < 1 month (< 2 kg): 50 mg/kg every 8 hours
- 8 days to < 1 month (≥ 2 kg): 50 mg/kg every 6 hours
- Child 1 month and over: 25 to 50 mg/kg (max. 2 g) every 6 hours
- Adult: 2 g every 6 hours
Age |
Weight |
500 mg vial |
|
---|---|---|---|
1 to < 3 months |
4 to < 6 kg |
1 ml x 4 |
|
3 months to < 1 year |
6 to < 10 kg |
2 ml x 4 |
|
1 to < 5 years |
10 to < 20 kg |
4 ml x 4 |
(1 vial x 4) |
5 to < 8 years |
20 to < 28 kg |
8 ml x 4 |
(2 vials x 4) |
8 to < 12 years |
28 to < 38 kg |
12 ml x 4 |
(3 vials x 4) |
≥ 12 years and adult |
≥ 38 kg |
16 ml x 4 |
(4 vials x 4) |
Dilute each dose of cloxacillin in 5 ml/kg of 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose in children less than 20 kg and in a bag of 100 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose in children 20 kg and over and in adults.
Erysipelas, cellulitis
Neonate, child and adult: half of above dose
Duration
- Change to oral route as soon as possible with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or cefalexin depending on the indication. Do not use oral cloxacillin for completion treatment following parenteral therapy.
Contra-indications, adverse effects, precautions
- Do not administer to penicillin-allergic patients.
- Administer with caution to patients with allergy to cephalosporins (cross-sensitivity may occur) or with renal impairment (reduce the dose).
- May cause: gastrointestinal disturbances (particularly diarrhoea), allergic reactions sometimes severe; rarely, haematological disorders.
- Do not combine with methotrexate (increased methotrexate toxicity).
- Pregnancy and breast-feeding: no contra-indication
Remarks
- Dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin and oxacillin are used for the same indications.
- Do not mix with other drugs in the same infusion.
Storage
– Below 25 °C
Reconstituted solution must be used immediately.
Reconstituted solution must be used immediately.